Gene Linkage and Sex Linkage in Human (Haemophilia and Colour Blindness).Punnet square, Test cross, and Monohybrid & Dihybrid Crosses.Continuous and Discontinuous Variations.Gene Linkage: Crossing over and Recombination Frequency / Cross Over Value.Basics of Genetics: Gene, Locus, Allele, Gene Pool, Phenotype, Genotype, Homozygous, Heterozygous, Dominant Allele, Recessive Allele, Complete Dominance, Codominance, Linkage, F1 & F2 Generations, Mutation and Multiple. Hormonal control of Human Menstrual Cycle (FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone).Gametogenesis: Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis.Plants Hormones: Auxins, Gibberellins, and Abscisic Acid.Hormones: Definition & Types of Hormones, Hormones of Islets of Langerhans (Insulin & Glucagon) and Role of ADH in.Neurons: Sensory, Intermediate/relay, and motor neurons.Sarcomere, Ultrastructure of Myofilaments, Sliding Filament, Control of Actin-Myosin Interaction.Mechanism of Skeletal Muscle Contraction.Structure and Function of Skeletal Muscle.Blood: Plasma and Blood Cells (RBCs, WBCs, and platelets).Blood Vessels: Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries.Heart: Structure of heart, Cardiac Cycle, Control of Heart Beat, ECG, and Blood Pressure.Translocation according to Pressure Flow Theory.Transpiration, Factors affecting it, and opening and closing of Stomata.Transport of Water and Minerals: Apoplast & Symplast Pathway and Cohesion, Transpiration Pull / Tension & Adhesion.Respiratory Disorders: Tuberculosis, Emphysema, and Lung Cancer.Transport of Respiratory Gases: O2 & CO2 and Role of Haemoglobin as Respiratory Pigment.Anatomy of the Human Respiratory System.Anaerobic Respiration and its Types (Alcoholic and Lactic Acid Fermentation).Cellular Respiration: Glycolysis, Link reaction / Pyruvic Oxidation, Kreb’s Cycle (with reference to the production of NADH, FADH, and ATP) and ETC.Light-Dependent Reactions (cyclic and non-cyclic phosphorylation) and Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin cycle).Photosynthetic Pigments (Chlorophylls and Carotenoids).AIDS: Causative Agent, Modes of Transmission and Prevention & Control.Kingdoms: Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.Meiosis: Process of Meiosis and Significance of Meiosis.Mtosis: Process of Mitosis, Significance of Mitosis.Cell Cycle: Interphase (G1, S, and G2 phases), Mitotic phase, and Cytokinesis.DNA Replication: Hypothesis of DNA Replication, Meselson & Stahl’s experiment and Replication.Gene as a Basic Unit of Genetic Information.Chromosome: Nucleosome, DNA, Histone Proteins, Chromatids, Centromere and Telomeres.Enzyme: Definition, Characteristics of, Mechanism of Enzyme Action Enzymes (Lock & key model and Induced fit model), Factors affecting the rate of Enzyme Action, Inhibitors.Water: Heat of vaporization, Specific Heat Capacity and Solvent Action.Nucleic acids: DNA, RNA, and Types of RNA.Proteins: Amino Acids & Peptide bond formation, Structures of Proteins (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures), and Globular & Fibrous Proteins.Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and their functions.Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, and Polysaccharides (Starch, Glycogen & Cellulose).Vacuoles, Centrioles & Microtubules, Mitochondria, Chloroplast and Nucleus (nuclear membrane, nucleolus, and chromosomes).Eukaryotic Cell Structures: Endoplasmic reticulum (RER & SER), Ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, Lysosomes,.Transport of Material across the Cell Membrane: Active transport, Passive transport, Endocytosis and Exocytosis.Structure of Typical Animal and Plant Cell.Light and Electron Microscope (Magnification and Resolution).Do comment, I will answer your question as soon as possible.
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